Diabetes Mellitus Among Filipinos Philippines Health And Social Care Essay

Diabetes Mellitus Among Filipinos Philippines Health And Social Care Essay Most of us just heard about diabetes but how much do we know about it. The thing that we only know that many people does have diabetes mellitus, and most of them are Filipinos. There Mellitus are more than 300,000 Filipinos who suffer from Diabetes Mellitus. In the United States, there are about 16 million diabetics and about 1800 new cases are diagnosed each year. Type I Diabetes, used to be called Juvenile Diabetes, is insulin-dependent (the persons pancreas does not produce insulin), meaning insulin injection is needed to treat the condition. It is medically known as IDDM (Insulin). Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, most commonly among persons younger than 30 years old associated obesity is not common. It accounts for 5 to 10% of all diabetics. Type II Diabetes is NIDDM (Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Melllitus), which can be treated by pills (sulfonyl ureas, antihyperglycemic drugs) rather than insulin, most commonly found Diabetes those who are older than 30, and associated obesity i s frequent. It accounts for majority (90 to 95%) of diabetics. The third type is Gestational Diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced, so that glucose in the blood cannot be absorbed into the cells of the body. Symptoms include frequent urination, lethargy, excessive thirst, and hunger. The treatment includes changes in diet, oral medications, and in some cases, daily injections of insulin. The most common form of diabetes is Type II, It is sometimes called age-onset or adult-onset diabetes, and this form of diabetes occurs most often in people who are overweight and who do not exercise. Type II is considered a milder form of diabetes because of its slow onset (sometimes developing over the course of several years) and because it usually can be controlled with diet and oral medication. The consequences of uncontrolled and untreated Type II diabetes, however, are the just as serious as those for Type I. This form is also called noninsulin-dependent diabetes, a term that is somewhat misleading. Many people with Type II diabetes can control the condition with diet and oral medications, however, insulin injections are sometimes necessary if treatment with diet and oral medication is not working. The causes of diabetes mellitus are unclear, however, there seem to be both hereditary (genetic factors passed on in families) and environmental factors involved. Research has shown that some people who develop diabetes have common genetic markers. In Type I diabetes, the immune system, the bodys defense system against infection, is believed to be triggered by a virus or another microorganism that destroys cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. In Type II diabetes, age, obesity, and family history of diabetes play a role. In Type II diabetes, the pancreas may produce enough insulin, however, cells have become resistant to the insulin produced and it may not work as effectively. Symptoms of Type II diabetes can begin so gradually that a person may not know that he or she has it. Early signs are lethargy, extreme thirst, and frequent urination. Other symptoms may include sudden weight loss, slow wound healing, urinary tract infections, gum disease, or blurred vision. It is not unusual for Type II diabetes to be detected while a patient is seeing a doctor about another health concern that is actually being caused by the yet undiagnosed diabetes. Education is the Cornerstone of Diabetic Therapy said by World Health Organization. We will try to see and enumerate in this study the dominance of Diabetes Mellitus Among Filipinos in the Philippines. B. Statement of the Problem The research aims to know the dominance of diabetes Mellitus and the different factors that affect a person specifically, the study sought to answer the following questions: Specifically the study sought to answer the following: How prevalent is the diabetes mellitus? Which type of diabetes is most common among Filipinos? Is diabetes hereditary? What are the signs and symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus that occurs to all diabetic Filipinos? What are the things that can be done to treat Diabetes? C. Hypothesis There is very huge number of diabetic people and they are continuing to grow even more larger as expected, due to the different factors related to the illness. D. Significance of the Study The study is important for several reasons. Goverment officials of the Philippine Republic. The government officials will eventually know that one of the disease that kills a person is diabetes, and for them to give importance in giving a prioritize fund about it. Nursing Students. The students will realize the importance of taking good care of their self, especially their eating habits which is the most common reason of having Diabetes. Parents. The study will serve as guide to parents on how to manage the proper diet for their family knowing the study of diabetes Mellitus. Future Researchers. The research paper will help them to more about it in a concrete way. So that, they will be able to conduct a more efficient research on this. E. Scope and Delimitation The study aims to determine the dominance of diabetes among Filipinos here in the Philippines. Furthermore, this research explored the statistics of Filipinos who have Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetic Filipinos in Philippines are the only concerned population and it is limited to the study of Diabetes Mellitus. F. Materials and Methods G. Definition of Terms In order to have a clear view of the problem in this study, some terms considered relevant to the study have been made defined. Diabetes Mellitus. Often referred to simply as diabetes (Ancient Greek: ÃŽÂ ´ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¹ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ±ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ²ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ±ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¯ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ½ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ µÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¹ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ½ to pass through), is a syndrome of disordered metabolism, usually due to a combination of hereditary and environmental causes, resulting in abnormally high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). Diabetes type 1. Is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, and was previously known as juvenile diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar (glucose), starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. Insulin. A polypeptide hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans and functioning in the regulation of the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, especially the conversion of glucose to glycogen, which lowers the blood glucose level. Any of various pharmaceutical preparations containing this hormone that are derived from the pancreas of certain animals or produced through genetic engineering and are used in the medical treatment and management of diabetes mellitus Sulfonylurea. Any of a group of hypoglycemic drugs, such as tolbutamide, that act on the beta cells of the pancreas to increase the secretion of insulin. Anti-hyperglycemic Drug. A drug that helps to move out of the system the presence of an abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood. Gestational Diabetes. is a condition in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. Microorganism. An organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size, especially a bacterium or protozoan. Pancreas. Secretes hormones that affect the level of sugar in the blood. These cells secrete: Glucagon-raises the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood Insulin-stimulates cells to use glucose Somatostatin-may regulate the secretion of glucagons and insulin. Hereditary. Transmitted or capable of being transmitted genetically from parent to offspring: a hereditary disease. E.g. Diabetes Mellitus. Lethargy. abnormal drowsiness : the quality or state of being lazy, sluggish, or indifferent. Chapter 2 Related Literature Many people are diagnose to have diabetes mellitus and there are also many people who didnt know that they have diabetes. The extent of its disease In Filipinos is really big. Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among Filipinos Different statistic has been laid out by different people at different time. Administration [1] Four point one (4.1%) of Filipinos have diabetes mellitus. At the current estimate of the population, this means 2.5 million Filipinos with diabetes, with perhaps an equal number which remain undiagnosed. Administration [2] The health care Indicator statistics of the Department of Health has found that diabetes is the ninth leading cause of death in the Philippines, affecting 1 out of 25 Filipinos. As estimated 3.36 Million Filipinos are affected by the disease today. Leading cause of mortality by sex, number, rate/100,000 population and percentage Philippines, 2003.Diabtes Mellitus, Male-6,823, Females-7,373, number, rate-17.5% and a percentage of 3.6.This number is expected to rise to about 8 million after 20 years. Types of Diabetes most common among Filipinos Gonzales [3] There are two main types of diabetes mellitus: type 1 and type 2. There are several other specific types, but they occur rarely. There is also a type of diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus that occurs during pregnancy. In this type of diabetes, the abnormality in sugar metabolism usually disappears after delivery although women who develop this condition are at a higher risk (30-60 percent) of developing diabetes later in life. Type 1 diabetes, which accounts for about five to 10 percent of all cases of diabetes, is an autoimmune disease. An autoimmune disease results when the body s defense system (immune system) against infection and other foreign substances turns awry and attacks the bodys own cells.Type 2 diabetes the type that afflicts your partner is the most common form of diabetes. It accounts for about 90-95 percent of all cases of diabetes mellitus. Initially, people diagnosed with this type of diabetes produce enough insulin, but for unknown reasons, the cells do not respond appropriately to it. Subsequently, over a period of years, insulin production by the pancreas decreases. Diabetes a Hereditary Gonzales [ 3] The risk of a person with a parent with type 2 diabetes of developing diabetes is about 15 percent if the parent was diagnosed before age 50 (as in the case of your husband) and seven to eight percent if the parent was diagnosed after age 50. If both parents have type 2 diabetes, the probability is about 40 percent. Signs And Symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus Manzella [4] Signs and symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus: Frequent trips to the bathroom, Unquenchable Thirst, Losing Weight Without Trying, Weakness and Fatigue, Tingling or Numbness in Your Hands, Legs or Feet, and Blurred vision, skin that is dry or itchy, frequent infections or cuts and bruises that take a long time to heal are also signs that something is amiss. Things done that leads to a better health even you have Diabetes. Administration [5] There is currently no cure for diabetes Mellitus. Diet, exercise, and careful monitoring of blood glucose levels are the keys to manage diabetes so that patients can live a relatively normal life. Diabetes can be life-threatening if not properly managed, so patients should not attempt to treat this condition without medical supervision. Treatment of diabetes focuses on two goals: keeping blood glucose within normal range and preventing the development of long-term complications. Alternative treatments cannot replace the need for insulin but they may enhance insulins effectiveness and may lower blood glucose levels. In addition, alternative medicines may help to treat complications of the disease and improve quality of life. References: A. Book Boulton, A. J. and Rayman, G. (2006). The Fact in Diabetes. West Sussex, England: John Wiley and Sons Limited. RD 563 B6 2006. Unger, U. M. D. (2001). Diabetes Management in Primary Care. Philadelphia, USA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins a Wolters Kluwer Business. RC 660 U5 2007. Schwarts, S. 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